AIDS-related
lymphoma
AIDS-related
lymphoma
describes
lymphomas
occurring in
patients
with
acquired
immunodeficiency
syndrome
(AIDS).
A lymphoma
is a type of
cancer
arising from
lymphoid
cells. In
AIDS, the
incidences
of
non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma,
primary
cerebral
lymphoma and
Hodgkin's
disease are
all
increased.
Non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma
(NHL) is
present in
about 3% of
HIV positive
people at
the time of
their
diagnosis of
HIV. 20% of
HIV positive
patients
will develop
NHL.
Primary
cerebral
lymphoma
Primary
cerebral
lymphoma (or
primary
central
nervous
system
lymphoma) is
a form of
NHL. It is
very rare in
immunocompetent
people, with
an incidence
of 5-30
cases per
million
person-years.
However the
incidence in
immunocompromised
individuals
is greatly
increased,
up to 100
per million
person-years.
Primary
cerebral
lymphoma is
strongly
associated
with
Epstein-Barr
virus (EBV).
The presence
of EBV DNA
in
cerebrospinal
fluid is
highly
suggestive
of primary
cerebral
lymphoma.
Treatment
of AIDS
patients
with
antiretroviral
drugs
reduces the
incidence of
primary
cerebral
lymphoma.
Hodgkin's
disease
The
incidence of
Hodgkin's
disease in
the general
population
is about
10-30 per
million
person-years.
This
increases to
170 per
million
person-years
in HIV
positive
patients.
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